Challenges of Implementing Inclusive Education in Primary Schools for the New Phase in Al-Ahsa Governorate

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the challenges faced by school principals and teachers in private schools when implementing inclusive education. It also sought to explore suggestions for improving the application of inclusive education in private schools, as seen by school principals and teachers in the elementary education sector in Al-Ahsa Governorate. The sample included 239 school principals and teachers. The research involved a descriptive survey method. A questionnaire was created based on a review of the theoretical framework and previous research. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical program.  The study's findings showed that private school principals and teachers in Al-Ahsa face many administrative, instructional, psychological, and social challenges, all of which are significant. These challenges hinder their ability to effectively implement inclusive education for all students, including those who are typically developing, those with disabilities, and those who are gifted. In addition, the results indicated that insufficient training for administrative staff and weaknesses in the school's strategic plan are major obstacles to creating inclusive educational environments.  Furthermore, the findings revealed that students' psychological factors and their feelings of discomfort in inclusive learning environments might influence principals' and teachers' ability to implement this approach in elementary schools. The results also highlighted the need to adopt effective strategies for implementing inclusive education. The most important of these strategies is using varied teaching methods that consider students' individual differences, along with providing adequate training and preparation for all teachers to help them work with different groups of students. The research suggested that both administrative and teaching staff should receive adequate training. It also recommended creating a strategic plan that considers the needs of all student groups. Additionally, the study emphasized the importance of increasing the support from relevant authorities to elementary schools.