Self-esteem, Cyberbullying, and Social Media Use among Adolescent and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder by Families’ Point of View
Keywords:
Teenagers and Adult with Autism, Self-esteem, Cyberbullying, Social Media
Abstract
Given the rapid advancements in communication technology and the constant emergence of new tools like social media, studying usage patterns and associated risks has become increasingly important. This is especially vital for vulnerable groups facing social and functional challenges, particularly individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aimed to explore the levels of self-esteem and their relationship with cyberbullying among adolescent and adults with ASD, as perceived by their families. Using a descriptive correlational approach, this study collected data through two scales: one for measuring self-esteem and another for assessing experiences of cyberbullying. The study involved 42 families with adolescent or adult diagnosed with ASD. The findings revealed that both self-esteem and experiences of cyberbullying were at moderate levels. Additionally, there was a statistically significant inverse correlation between self-esteem levels and exposure to cyberbullying among adolescents and adults with ASD when using social media. Based on these findings, the study recommends the development of guidance and training programs for individuals with autism, their families, and caregivers. These programs should focus on improving self-esteem and reducing the impact of cyberbullying.
References
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10. Alhujaili, N., Platt, E., Khalid-Khan, S., & Groll, D. (2022). Comparison of Social Media Use Among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Non-ASD Adolescents. Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics, Volume 13, 15–21. https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S344591
11. Alon-Tirosh, M., & Meir, N. (2023). Use of Social Network Sites among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A qualitative study. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1192475. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1192475
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16. Chiner, E., Gómez‐Puerta, M., & Cardona‐Moltó, M. C. (2017). Internet Use, Risks and Online Behaviour: The view of internet users with intellectual disabilities and their caregivers. British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 45(3), 190–197. https://doi.org/10.1111/bld.12192
17. Chou, W.-J., Wang, P.-W., Hsiao, R. C., Hu, H.-F., & Yen, C.-F. (2020). Role of School Bullying Involvement in Depression, Anxiety, Suicidality, and Low Self-Esteem Among Adolescents With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00009
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20. Dell’Osso, L., Amatori, G., Muti, D., Giovannoni, F., Parri, F., Violi, M., Cremone, I. M., & Carpita, B. (2023). Autism Spectrum, Hikikomori Syndrome and Internet Gaming Disorder: Is There a Link? Brain Sciences, 13(7), 1116. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13071116
21. DeNigris, D., Brooks, P. J., Obeid, R., Alarcon, M., Shane-Simpson, C., & Gillespie-Lynch, K. (2018). Bullying and Identity Development: Insights from Autistic and Non-autistic College Students. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48(3), 666–678. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3383-y
22. Ferraz De Camargo, L., Rice, K., & Thorsteinsson, E. (2022). A Systematic Review and Empirical Investigation: Bullying victimisation and anxiety subtypes among adolescents. Australian Journal of Psychology, 74(1), 2145236. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2022.2145236
23. Gillespie-Smith, K., Hendry, G., Anduuru, N., Laird, T., & Ballantyne, C. (2021). Using Social Media to Be ‘Social’: Perceptions of Social Media Benefits and Risk by Autistic Young People, and Parents. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 118, 104081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104081
24. Giordano, A. L., Prosek, E. A., & Watson, J. C. (2021). Understanding Adolescent Cyberbullies: Exploring Social Media Addiction and Psychological Factors. Journal of Child and Adolescent Counseling, 7(1), 42–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/23727810.2020.1835420
25. Hodgins, Z., Kelley, E., Kloosterman, P., Hall, L., Hudson, C. C., Furlano, R., & Craig, W. (2020). Brief Report: Do You See What I See? The Perception of Bullying in Male Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(5), 1822–1826. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3739-y
26. Holfeld, B., Stoesz, B., & Montgomery, J. (2019). Traditional and Cyber Bullying and Victimization Among Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Investigation of the Frequency, Characteristics, and Psychosocial Correlates. Journal on Developmental Disabilities, 24(2), 61–76.
27. Hu, H.-F., Liu, T.-L., Hsiao, R. C., Ni, H.-C., Liang, S. H.-Y., Lin, C.-F., Chan, H.-L., Hsieh, Y.-H., Wang, L.-J., Lee, M.-J., Chou, W.-J., & Yen, C.-F. (2019). Cyberbullying Victimization and Perpetration in Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: Correlations with Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49(10), 4170–4180. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04060-7
28. Kowalski, R., & Fedina, C. (2011). Cyber bullying in ADHD and Asperger Syndrome populations. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5(3), 1201–1208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.01.007
29. Kowalski, R., & Limber, S. (2013). Psychological, Physical, and Academic Correlates of Cyberbullying and Traditional Bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53(1), S13–S20.
30. Law Smith, M. J., Montagne, B., Perrett, D. I., Gill, M., & Gallagher, L. (2010). Detecting Subtle Facial Emotion Recognition Deficits in High-Functioning Autism Using Dynamic Stimuli of Varying Intensities. Neuropsychologia, 48(9), 2777–2781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.03.008
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Published
2025-11-22
How to Cite
Dr. Najwa Bakr Mursi. (2025). Self-esteem, Cyberbullying, and Social Media Use among Adolescent and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder by Families’ Point of View. Journal of Arts, Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, (126), 432-452. https://doi.org/10.33193/JALHSS.126.2025.1575
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