Business Process Management (BPM) in Saudi Universities for Enhancing Institutional Performance
Keywords:
Quality Management, Operations Management, University Performance, Operationalize Strategy
Abstract
The research aims to examine global practices in implementing the Business Process Management (BPM) approach within university settings. It also endeavors to evaluate the extent to which Saudi universities have implemented BPM, gauging perspectives from both administrative and academic leaders, as well as administrative staff. The study aims to offer recommendations that can contribute to enhancing the application of BPM, thereby improving institutional performance. The analysis included experiences and extracting benefits observed in universities that have adopted BPM. Among the notable outcomes is the transformation of work into dynamic systems supporting a culture of continuous improvement. The implementation of agile and flexible procedures tailored to university needs has resulted in reduced time and effort in administrative tasks. Moreover, aligning work activities with strategic goals has enhanced students' experience, vision clarity, and overall control. The research utilized a descriptive survey method, distributing questionnaires to a random sample of 614 individuals, including administrators, and academic leaders from Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, King Saud University, and King Abdulaziz University during the academic year 2023. After appropriate statistical analyses, the study found that the levels of BPM application (institutional, process, and implementation levels) were all moderate. The overall average score for BPM application in Saudi universities was 3.02, indicating an average level of maturity in BPM. The study recommends strengthening the concepts of quality, performance measurement, and management procedures in Saudi universities. Additionally, it suggests adopting a culture of continuous improvement and innovation to achieve operational excellence in university processes.
References
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12. Antony, J., & Gupta, S. (2019). Top ten reasons for process improvement project failures. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 10(1), 367-374.
13. Bakotic, D., & Krnic, A. (2017). Exploring the relationship between business process improvement and employees’ behavior. Journal of organizational change management, 30(7), 1044-1062.
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18. BP Logix. (2019). Higher Education BPM Examples: Improving Efficiencies for Today’s Colleges and Universities. https://www.bplogix.com/blog/higher-education-bpm-examples
19. Bucher, T., Raber, D., & Winter, R. (2015). A taxonomy of business process management approaches. In Handbook on Business Process Management 2 (pp. 203-225). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
20. Bührig, J., Schoormann, T., & Knackstedt, R. (2018). Business Process Management in German Institutions of Higher Education: The Case of Jade University of Applied Science. In Business Process Management Cases (pp. 577-592). Springer, Cham.
21. Chang, J. (2006). Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. Auerbach Publications, Taylor & Francis Group.
22. Ciancio, S. (2018). The prevalence of service excellence and the use of business process improvement methodologies in Australian universities. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 40(2), 121-139.
23. Da Silva, S. L. C., Vieira, L. C., & Da Silva, E. P. (2017). Strategy, performance evaluation and process management in higher education institutions. Independent Journal of Management & Production, 8(2), 362-377.
24. Dadwal, P., & Yadav, I. S. (2017). An Influence of Business Process Management on Organizational Performance. International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 4(6), 649–653. https://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1706118.pdf
25. Dallas, I., & Wynn, M. T. (2014). Business process management in small business: a case study. Information Systems for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: State of Art of IS Research in SMEs, 25-46.
26. Dijkman, R., Lammers, S. V., & De Jong, A. (2016). Properties that influence business process management maturity and its effect on organizational performance. Information Systems Frontiers, 18, 717-734.
27. Elbashir, M. Z., Collier, P. A., & Davern, M. J. (2008). Measuring the effects of business intelligence systems: The relationship between business process and organizational performance. International journal of accounting information systems, 9(3), 135-153.
28. Gartner (2005, January 14). Survey of 1300 CIOs shows IT budgets to increase by 205 percent in 2005: Focus on Business processes and business intelligence to move IT from commodity to business contribution. Gartner Group.
29. HISinOne. (2016). HISinOne reference model. www.his.de/produkte/hisinone/management/referenzmodell.html
30. Jade University. (2023). https://www.jade-hs.de/en/unsere-hochschule/wir-stellen-uns-vor/profil/geschichte-der-jade-hochschule/
31. Kahveci, T. C., & Taşkın, H. (2013). Integrated enterprise management system for higher education institutions based on strategic and process management: The case study of Sakarya University. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 1505-1513.
32. Kirchmer, M., & Kirchmer, M. (2017). Business process management: what is it and why do you need it?. High Performance Through Business Process Management: Strategy Execution in a Digital World, 1-28.
33. Kokkonen, A., & Bandara, W. (2015). Expertise in business process management. In Handbook on Business Process Management 2 (517-546). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
34. Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
35. Kvavik, R., Goldstein, P. & Voloudakis, J. (2005). Good Enough! IT Investment and Business Process Performance In Higher Education. 4. Educause Center for Applied Research (ECAR).
36. Marterer, A. C. (2008). Enterprise Resource Planning in Higher Education: A Comparative Case Study. University of North Florida.
37. Massy, W. (2016). Reengineering The University. Maryland: John Hopkins University Press.
38. Minonne, C., & Turner, G. (2012). Business process management—are you ready for the future?. Knowledge and Process Management, 19(3), 111-120.
39. Muhamad, S. F., & Kusumastuti, R. D. (2022). Analyzing the effect of business process management on business process performance and organizational performance at BPJS Kesehatan. In Sustainable Future: Trends, Strategies and Development (pp. 1-4). Routledge.
40. Panagacos, T. (2012). The Ultimate Guide to Business Process Management: Everything you need to know and how to apply it to your organization. Theodore Panagacos.
41. QUT-a. (2022). https://www.qut.edu.au/about/our-university/qut-at-a-glance
42. Radnor, Z. J. (2010). Review Of Business Process Improvement Methodologies in Public Services (pp. 1-94). London: Aim Research.
43. Recker, J. (2013). Scientific Research in Information Systems: A Beginner's Guide. Berlin: Springer.
44. Renna, P., Izzo, C., & Romaniello, T. (2020). The Business Process Management Systems to Improve the Performance of Universities: Integrated Performance Plan. In W. Nuninger & J. Châtelet (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Operational Quality Assurance in Higher Education for Life-Long Learning (pp. 56-80). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1238-8.ch003
45. Robinson, M., & Yorkstone, S. (2011). Becoming a lean university: The case of the university of St. Andrews. In S. Bergan, E. Egron-Polak, J. Kohler, L. Purser, & M. Vukasovic (Eds.), Leadership and governance in higher education - handbook for decision makers and administrators. Berlin: Raabe Verlag.
46. Rudzajs, P., & Buksa, I. (2011). Business Process and Regulations: Approach To Linkage And Change Management. In Perspectives in Business Informatics Research: 10th International Conference, BIR 2011, Riga, Latvia, October 6-8, 2011. Proceedings 10 (pp. 96-109). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
47. Sapunar, D., Grković, I., Lukšić, D., & Marušić, M. (2016). The business process management software for successful quality management and organization: A case study from the University of Split School of Medicine. Acta medica academica, 45(1), 26.
48. Simons, R. (2000). Performance Measurement and Control Systems For Implementing Strategy. Prentice hall.
49. Sony, M. (2019). Implementing sustainable operational excellence in organizations: an integrative viewpoint. Production & Manufacturing Research, 7(1), 67-87.
50. Stravinskiene, I., & Serafinas, D. (2020). The link between business process management and quality management. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13(10), 225.
51. Sujanawati, R. P., Mahendrawathi, E. R., & Wibowo, R. P. (2021). Analysis of Business Process Management (BPM) Effect towards Data and Information Quality Improvement at Higher Education: A Literature Study. IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science, 31(3), 353-363.
52. Suša Vugec, D., Ivančić, L., & Milanović Glavan, L. (2019). Business Process Management and Corporate Performance Management: Does Their Alignment Impact Organizational Performance. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems: INDECS, 17(2-B), 368-384.
53. Szelągowski, M. (2018, September). Evolution of the BPM Lifecycle. In federated conference on computer science and information systems (Vol. 10).
54. Taskymbayeva L.A., Shaikh A.A., Salimbayeva R.A. (2022). Application Of Business Process Management Methods in Higher Education Institutions. Central Asian Economic Review. (3):45-55. https://doi.org/10.52821/2789-4401-2022-3-45-55
55. The School of Medicine in Split. (2022). https://mefst.unist.hr/en
56. Tregear, R. (2013). Putting Process at the Center of Business Management. BPTrends, 1-13.
57. Tregear, R. (2016). Reimagining Management: Putting Process at The Center of Business Management. Blurb.
58. Trkman, P. (2010). The Critical Success Factors of Business Process Management. International journal of information management, 30(2), 125-134.
59. Vitharanage, I., Toman, D., Bandara, W., & Syed, R. (2021). Realizing the Benefits of Process Improvement: The Case of Queensland University of Technology. In Business Process Management Cases. 2 (179-191). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
60. Vukšić, V. B., Bach, M. P., & Tomičić-Pupek, K. (2014). Process performance management in higher education. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 6, 11.
61. Weske, M. (2007). Business Process Management: Concepts, Languages, Architectures. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
62. Wong, W. P., Hazlina Ahmad, N., Mohd. Nasurdin, A., & Mohamad, M. N. (2014). The impact of external environmental on business process management and organizational performance. Service Business, 8, 559-586.
2. بن سعيدان، نوف. (2021). إدارة إجراءات العمل. مجلة التنمية الإدارية – معهد الإدارة العامة. 184. https://tanmia-idaria.ipa.edu.sa/Pages/168-11.aspx
3. التميمي، عبدالله. (2018). إدارة جودة الخدمات والمنتجات. بدون ناشر
4. شتيلر، دريك. (2017، مايو12). ورشة إدارة إجراءات العمل بواسطة أوشن إكس السعودية. [فيديو]. يوتيوب. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qeRX4dz7XUk&t=2141s&ab_channel=Oceanxksa
5. الشهري، عماد. والخثلان، منصور. (2018). المعوقات التنظيمية لتطبيق التخطيط الاستراتيجي في الجامعات السعودية الناشئة: دراسة حالة على جامعة الأمير سطام بن عبد العزيز. مجلة البحث العلمي في التربية: جامعة عين شمس. 2(19).1-38.
6. عبدالله، السماني. (2022). أثر إدارة الجودة الشاملة في رفع كفاءة الأداء المؤسسي بالتطبيق على المصارف التجارية السودانية. المجلة العربية للعلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية، 15 ، 1 - 37.
7. العنـزي، محمد. (2022). تأثيـر ممارسات إدارة الجودة الشاملة على الأداء المؤسسي: دراسة تطبيقية باستخدام معاييـر الاعتماد المؤسسي السعودي. المجلة العربية للإدارة، 42(4)، 405-424.
8. العوين، عبد اللطيف. (2019). التخطيط الاستراتيجي للتعليم العالي في الرسائل العلمية بالجامعات السعودية: دراسة تحليلية. مجلة التربية: جامعة الأزهر - كلية التربية، 182(2)، 474 - 506.
9. الغامدي، منصور. (2012). التطوير التنظيمي أساسيات ومداخل واستراتيجيات. بدون ناشر
10. كريسويل، جون. (2019). تصميم البحوث الكمية – النوعية - المزجية. (عبد المحسن القحطاني، مترجم). دار المسيلة للنشر والتوزيع. (العمل الأصلي نشر في 2014)
11. نجم، عبد الجبار. (2022). دور إدارة الجودة الشاملة في تحسين الأداء المؤسسي: دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عدد من الإدارات الوسطى في مقر وزارة التربية العراقية. مجلة جامعة الأنبار للعلوم الاقتصادية والإدارية، 14(4)، 230 - 248.
12. Antony, J., & Gupta, S. (2019). Top ten reasons for process improvement project failures. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 10(1), 367-374.
13. Bakotic, D., & Krnic, A. (2017). Exploring the relationship between business process improvement and employees’ behavior. Journal of organizational change management, 30(7), 1044-1062.
14. Becker, J., Niehaves, B., & Plattfaut, R. (2010). Stakeholder involvement in business process management agenda-set ting and implementation. AMCIS 2010 Proceedings. 293. https://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2010/293
15. Beeson, I., Green, S., & Kamm, R. (2009, March). Process Architectures in Higher Education. In UK Academy for Information Systems Conference Proceedings 2009 (p. 11).
16. Bonitasoft (2023-b). Université Paris-Dauphine Streamlined management of student internships and adjunct teaching staff with Bonita. https://www.bonitasoft.com/customer-stories/universite-paris-dauphine?utm_source=ebook&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=education
17. Bonitasoft. (2023-a). Digital Process Automation in higher education. https://go.bonitasoft.com/education-teach-your-processes-to-be-smart
18. BP Logix. (2019). Higher Education BPM Examples: Improving Efficiencies for Today’s Colleges and Universities. https://www.bplogix.com/blog/higher-education-bpm-examples
19. Bucher, T., Raber, D., & Winter, R. (2015). A taxonomy of business process management approaches. In Handbook on Business Process Management 2 (pp. 203-225). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
20. Bührig, J., Schoormann, T., & Knackstedt, R. (2018). Business Process Management in German Institutions of Higher Education: The Case of Jade University of Applied Science. In Business Process Management Cases (pp. 577-592). Springer, Cham.
21. Chang, J. (2006). Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. Auerbach Publications, Taylor & Francis Group.
22. Ciancio, S. (2018). The prevalence of service excellence and the use of business process improvement methodologies in Australian universities. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 40(2), 121-139.
23. Da Silva, S. L. C., Vieira, L. C., & Da Silva, E. P. (2017). Strategy, performance evaluation and process management in higher education institutions. Independent Journal of Management & Production, 8(2), 362-377.
24. Dadwal, P., & Yadav, I. S. (2017). An Influence of Business Process Management on Organizational Performance. International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 4(6), 649–653. https://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR1706118.pdf
25. Dallas, I., & Wynn, M. T. (2014). Business process management in small business: a case study. Information Systems for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: State of Art of IS Research in SMEs, 25-46.
26. Dijkman, R., Lammers, S. V., & De Jong, A. (2016). Properties that influence business process management maturity and its effect on organizational performance. Information Systems Frontiers, 18, 717-734.
27. Elbashir, M. Z., Collier, P. A., & Davern, M. J. (2008). Measuring the effects of business intelligence systems: The relationship between business process and organizational performance. International journal of accounting information systems, 9(3), 135-153.
28. Gartner (2005, January 14). Survey of 1300 CIOs shows IT budgets to increase by 205 percent in 2005: Focus on Business processes and business intelligence to move IT from commodity to business contribution. Gartner Group.
29. HISinOne. (2016). HISinOne reference model. www.his.de/produkte/hisinone/management/referenzmodell.html
30. Jade University. (2023). https://www.jade-hs.de/en/unsere-hochschule/wir-stellen-uns-vor/profil/geschichte-der-jade-hochschule/
31. Kahveci, T. C., & Taşkın, H. (2013). Integrated enterprise management system for higher education institutions based on strategic and process management: The case study of Sakarya University. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 1505-1513.
32. Kirchmer, M., & Kirchmer, M. (2017). Business process management: what is it and why do you need it?. High Performance Through Business Process Management: Strategy Execution in a Digital World, 1-28.
33. Kokkonen, A., & Bandara, W. (2015). Expertise in business process management. In Handbook on Business Process Management 2 (517-546). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
34. Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
35. Kvavik, R., Goldstein, P. & Voloudakis, J. (2005). Good Enough! IT Investment and Business Process Performance In Higher Education. 4. Educause Center for Applied Research (ECAR).
36. Marterer, A. C. (2008). Enterprise Resource Planning in Higher Education: A Comparative Case Study. University of North Florida.
37. Massy, W. (2016). Reengineering The University. Maryland: John Hopkins University Press.
38. Minonne, C., & Turner, G. (2012). Business process management—are you ready for the future?. Knowledge and Process Management, 19(3), 111-120.
39. Muhamad, S. F., & Kusumastuti, R. D. (2022). Analyzing the effect of business process management on business process performance and organizational performance at BPJS Kesehatan. In Sustainable Future: Trends, Strategies and Development (pp. 1-4). Routledge.
40. Panagacos, T. (2012). The Ultimate Guide to Business Process Management: Everything you need to know and how to apply it to your organization. Theodore Panagacos.
41. QUT-a. (2022). https://www.qut.edu.au/about/our-university/qut-at-a-glance
42. Radnor, Z. J. (2010). Review Of Business Process Improvement Methodologies in Public Services (pp. 1-94). London: Aim Research.
43. Recker, J. (2013). Scientific Research in Information Systems: A Beginner's Guide. Berlin: Springer.
44. Renna, P., Izzo, C., & Romaniello, T. (2020). The Business Process Management Systems to Improve the Performance of Universities: Integrated Performance Plan. In W. Nuninger & J. Châtelet (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Operational Quality Assurance in Higher Education for Life-Long Learning (pp. 56-80). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1238-8.ch003
45. Robinson, M., & Yorkstone, S. (2011). Becoming a lean university: The case of the university of St. Andrews. In S. Bergan, E. Egron-Polak, J. Kohler, L. Purser, & M. Vukasovic (Eds.), Leadership and governance in higher education - handbook for decision makers and administrators. Berlin: Raabe Verlag.
46. Rudzajs, P., & Buksa, I. (2011). Business Process and Regulations: Approach To Linkage And Change Management. In Perspectives in Business Informatics Research: 10th International Conference, BIR 2011, Riga, Latvia, October 6-8, 2011. Proceedings 10 (pp. 96-109). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
47. Sapunar, D., Grković, I., Lukšić, D., & Marušić, M. (2016). The business process management software for successful quality management and organization: A case study from the University of Split School of Medicine. Acta medica academica, 45(1), 26.
48. Simons, R. (2000). Performance Measurement and Control Systems For Implementing Strategy. Prentice hall.
49. Sony, M. (2019). Implementing sustainable operational excellence in organizations: an integrative viewpoint. Production & Manufacturing Research, 7(1), 67-87.
50. Stravinskiene, I., & Serafinas, D. (2020). The link between business process management and quality management. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13(10), 225.
51. Sujanawati, R. P., Mahendrawathi, E. R., & Wibowo, R. P. (2021). Analysis of Business Process Management (BPM) Effect towards Data and Information Quality Improvement at Higher Education: A Literature Study. IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science, 31(3), 353-363.
52. Suša Vugec, D., Ivančić, L., & Milanović Glavan, L. (2019). Business Process Management and Corporate Performance Management: Does Their Alignment Impact Organizational Performance. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems: INDECS, 17(2-B), 368-384.
53. Szelągowski, M. (2018, September). Evolution of the BPM Lifecycle. In federated conference on computer science and information systems (Vol. 10).
54. Taskymbayeva L.A., Shaikh A.A., Salimbayeva R.A. (2022). Application Of Business Process Management Methods in Higher Education Institutions. Central Asian Economic Review. (3):45-55. https://doi.org/10.52821/2789-4401-2022-3-45-55
55. The School of Medicine in Split. (2022). https://mefst.unist.hr/en
56. Tregear, R. (2013). Putting Process at the Center of Business Management. BPTrends, 1-13.
57. Tregear, R. (2016). Reimagining Management: Putting Process at The Center of Business Management. Blurb.
58. Trkman, P. (2010). The Critical Success Factors of Business Process Management. International journal of information management, 30(2), 125-134.
59. Vitharanage, I., Toman, D., Bandara, W., & Syed, R. (2021). Realizing the Benefits of Process Improvement: The Case of Queensland University of Technology. In Business Process Management Cases. 2 (179-191). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
60. Vukšić, V. B., Bach, M. P., & Tomičić-Pupek, K. (2014). Process performance management in higher education. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 6, 11.
61. Weske, M. (2007). Business Process Management: Concepts, Languages, Architectures. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
62. Wong, W. P., Hazlina Ahmad, N., Mohd. Nasurdin, A., & Mohamad, M. N. (2014). The impact of external environmental on business process management and organizational performance. Service Business, 8, 559-586.
Published
2024-02-05
How to Cite
Kholod Mohammed Asiri, & Dr. Maha Saleh Al-Amoud. (2024). Business Process Management (BPM) in Saudi Universities for Enhancing Institutional Performance. Journal of Arts, Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, (100), 155-183. https://doi.org/10.33193/JALHSS.100.2024.1005
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