Representations of the Western Other in Contemporary Arab Thought and Arabic Fiction

(A critical cultural approach)

Abstract

This paper aimed to explore the concept of the Other in contemporary Arab thought by tracing its theoretical and intellectual foundations, exploring the image of the West in modern Arab discourse, and investigating its representations in contemporary Arabic fiction. The study discusses the dialectical relationship between the Self and the Other and its role in shaping identity and stereotypes, with particular emphasis on Edward Said’s contributions to the critique of Orientalism as one of the most influential frameworks for understanding representations of the East in Western thought. It also reviews Arab intellectual attitudes toward the West, which have ranged from rejection and admiration to critical engagement, before analyzing selected Arabic novels that reveal the complexities of the relationship between East and West.

The study concludes that building a balanced relationship with the Other requires transcending stereotypes and promoting intercultural dialogue based on mutual recognition and cultural respect. Furthermore, overcoming the traditional East–West dichotomy necessitates a shift from the logic of conflict and exclusion to one of dialogue and civilizational communication, alongside mutual acknowledgment of cultural differences and a critical reassessment of the stereotypes each side holds about the other. Such an approach can contribute to fostering more balanced and humane relations in an increasingly interconnected cultural and civilizational world.