A Proposed Model for a Media Platform to Enhance Awareness of Cancel Culture Based on Experts’ Opinions
Keywords:
Cancel culture, digital media, media platforms, digital awareness
Abstract
The present study aimed to propose a model for a digital media platform to enhance awareness of cancel culture Based on experts’ opinions, particularly given the growing presence of this phenomenon in digital environments and its impact on the public reputation of individuals and institutions. The study adopted the descriptive approach, using a questionnaire administered to a sample of 60 experts. The questionnaire included five dimensions: understanding the phenomenon of cancel culture, its impact on public reputation, the role of media platforms in raising awareness of it, mechanisms for reducing its effects, and the components of the proposed media model. The results showed that experts’ agreement regarding the understanding of the phenomenon was high, with an overall mean of 4.05 and a relative weight of 81.09%. The impact of cancel culture on public reputation was also rated highly, with a mean of 3.96 and a relative weight of 79.19%. The findings further confirmed the important role of media platforms in shaping awareness of this phenomenon, with a mean of 4.45 and a relative weight of 88.89%. In addition, the mechanisms for reducing the effects of cancel culture received a very high level of agreement, with a mean of 4.56 and a relative weight of 91.13%, as did the components of the proposed model, with a mean of 4.57 and a relative weight of 91.33%. Accordingly, a digital media platform entitled “Tam Al-Ilgha” was developed. The platform includes analytical articles, applied cases, stories and experiences, interactive discussions, and awareness-raising content, contributing to the promotion of critical thinking, information verification, responsible dialogue, and the reduction of the negative effects of cancel culture on public reputation.
References
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8. Driessen, S., & Harder, S. K. (2026). #WeGotYou: examining the intersections of believability, cancel culture, and fandom (in a not-cancel case). Social Semiotics, 36(2), 215-231. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2026.2617361
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20. Kaul, A., Chaudhri, V., Cherian, D., Freberg, K., Mishra, S., Kumar, R., Pridmore, J., Lee, S. Y., Rana, N., Majmudar, U., & Carroll, C. E. (2015). Social Media: The New Mantra for Managing Reputation. Vikalpa, 40(4), 455-491. https://doi.org/10.1177/0256090915618029
21. Kingston, P. (2024). Crisis Response Strategies in Online Reputation Management. International Journal of Public Relation and Communication, 1(1), 38 – 49. https://forthworthjournals.org/journals/index.php/IJPRC/article/view/59
22. Koh, S. A. (2022). " Cancel Culture" and Criminal Justice. Hastings LJ, 74, 79.
23. Kyriakou, C., Papaioannou, T., & Komodromos, M. (2023). Online criticism and cancel culture in digital marketing: A case study of audience perceptions of brand cancellation. International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 15(4), 412-427. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTEL.2023.133788
24. Lee, J., & Abidin, C. (2024). Backdoor advertising scandals, Yingyeo culture, and cancel culture among YouTube Influencers in South Korea. New Media & Society, 26(1), 405-425. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211061829
25. Lewis, R., & Christin, A. (2022). Platform drama: “Cancel culture,” celebrity, and the struggle for accountability on YouTube. New Media & Society, 24(7), 1632-1656. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448221099235
26. Liao, C. H. (2023). Exploring the Influence of Public Perception of Mass Media Usage and Attitudes towards Mass Media News on Altruistic Behavior. Behav Sci (Basel), 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13080621
27. Lim, J. S., Zhang, J., & Ren, B. (2025). Partisan responses to cancel culture on social media: hostile media effects on political behavior. Online Information Review, 50(1), 57-76. https://doi.org/10.1108/oir-02-2025-0130
28. Maurya, S. K., & Gupta, A. K. (2025). The Ethics of Cancel Culture and Public Accountability: Navigating Justice, Forgiveness, and Redemption. Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences (SH&SS), 31(2), 333-360. http://journal.iias.ac.in/ojs/index.php/shss/article/view/1655
29. Metzler, H., & Garcia, D. (2024). Social Drivers and Algorithmic Mechanisms on Digital Media. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 19(5), 735-748. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916231185057
30. Milli, S., Carroll, M., Wang, Y., Pandey, S., Zhao, S., & Dragan, A. D. (2025). Engagement, user satisfaction, and the amplification of divisive content on social media. PNAS Nexus, 4(3), pgaf062. https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf062
31. Morrison, H. (2024). Preserving employee rights in the era of cancel culture. ABA Journal of Labor & Employment Law, 38(1), 107-129.
32. Mueller, T. S. (2026). Blame, then shame? Psychological predictors in cancel culture behavior. The Social Science Journal, 63(2), 876-889. https://doi.org/10.1080/03623319.2021.1949552
33. Neuwirth, R. J. (2023). Equality in view of political correctness, cancel culture and other oxymora. International Journal of Legal Discourse, 8(1), 1-29.
34. Ng, E. (2020). No Grand Pronouncements Here...: Reflections on Cancel Culture and Digital Media Participation. Television & New Media, 21(6), 621-627. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527476420918828
35. Nielsen, R. K., & Fletcher, R. (2023). Comparing the platformization of news media systems: A cross-country analysis. European Journal of Communication, 38(5), 484-499. https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231189043
36. Nkrumah, D. (2024). Managing Online Reputation in the Age of Cancel Culture. Journal of Public Relations, 2, 25-37. https://doi.org/10.47941/jpr.1696
37. Norris, P. (2023). Cancel Culture: Myth or Reality? Political Studies, 71(1), 145-174. https://doi.org/10.1177/00323217211037023
38. Phelan, S. (2025). Seven theses about the so-called culture war(s) (or some fragmentary notes on ‘cancel culture’). Cultural Studies, 39(1), 63-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502386.2023.2199309
39. Ramsey-Soroghaye, B., Onalu, C., & Anyaegbu, P. (2023). Perceived Impact of Cancel Culture and the Mental Health Challenges Associated With the Aftermath: A Discourse for Social Workers in Nigeria. Journal of Social Service Research, 49(5), 595-606. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2023.2254804
40. Rathje, S., Robertson, C., Brady, W. J., & Van Bavel, J. J. (2024). People Think That Social Media Platforms Do (but Should Not) Amplify Divisive Content. Perspect Psychol Sci, 19(5), 781-795. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916231190392
41. Ross, L. J. (2025). Calling in: How to start making change with those you'd rather cancel. Simon and Schuster.
42. Sailofsky, D. (2022). Masculinity, cancel culture and woke capitalism: Exploring Twitter response to Brendan Leipsic’s leaked conversation. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 57(5), 734-757. https://doi.org/10.1177/10126902211039768
43. Saldanha, N., Mulye, R., & Rahman, K. (2023). Cancel culture and the consumer: A strategic marketing perspective. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 31(5), 1071-1086. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2022.2040577
44. Saleem, R. Y., Zaki, M. Z., & Alhalafawy, W. S. (2024). Improving awareness of foreign domestic workers during the COVID-19 pandemic using infographics: An experience during the crisis. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(5), 4157. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i5.4157
45. Schneiders, P., & Stark, B. (2025). Ensuring News Quality in Platformized News Ecosystems: Shortcomings and Recommendations for an Epistemic Governance. Media and Communication; Vol 13 (2025): Journalism in the Hybrid Media SystemDO - 10.17645/mac.10042. https://www.cogitatiopress.com/mediaandcommunication/article/view/10042
46. Tamer, Z., Demir, G., Darıcı, S., & Pamučar, D. (2025). Understanding twitter in crisis: a roadmap for public sector decision makers with multi-criteria decision making. Environment, Development and Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05894-7
47. Traversa, M., Tian, Y., & Wright, S. C. (2023). Cancel culture can be collectively validating for groups experiencing harm. Front Psychol, 14, 1181872. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1181872
48. Tufekci, Z. (2017). Twitter and tear gas: The power and fragility of networked protest. Yale university press.
49. Tukachinsky Forster, R., & Spitz, D. H. (2026). I love you, but I have got to cancel you: Psychological consequences of participation in cancel culture. Psychology of Popular Media, 15(2), 109.
50. Van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & De Waal, M. (2018). The platform society: Public values in a connective world. Oxford university press.
51. Walls, K., Palvia, P., Mehta, N., & Nemati, H. (2025). Cancel Culture in the Digital Age: Power, Accountability, and Global Dynamics. Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 28, 71-76. https://doi.org/10.1080/1097198X.2025.2491909
52. Whyte, H., Enyindah, S. C., & Chituru, K. (2025). Social Media Trends and Public Opinion Dynamics in Port Harcourt. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 9(10).
53. Zaki, M. Z. T., El-Refai, W. Y., Alharthi, M. A., Al-Hafdi, F. S., Najmi, A. H., Bakey, F. M. A. E., & Alhalafawy, W. S. (2024). The Effect of Mobile Search Retrieval Types on Self-Regulated Learning Among Middle School Students. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(8). https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i8.5005
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3. Alzahrani, F. K. J., Alhalafawy, W. S., & Alshammary, F. M. (2023). Teachers’ Perceptions of Madrasati Learning Management System (LMS) at Public Schools in Jeddah. Journal of Arts, Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences(97), 345-363. https://doi.org/10.33193/JALHSS.97.2023.941
4. Bagus, P., Daumann, F., & Follert, F. (2024). Microaggressions, cancel culture, safe spaces, and academic freedom: A private property rights argumentation. Business Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility, 33(3), 523-534. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12626
5. Biskamp, F., Glathe, J., & Hecker, H. (2026). What Are “The Boundaries of the Sayable”? A Social Theoretical Framework to Research the Boundaries of Public Speech. KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 78(1), 87-113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11577-025-01041-w
6. Broda, E., & Strömbäck, J. (2024). Misinformation, disinformation, and fake news: lessons from an interdisciplinary, systematic literature review. Annals of the International Communication Association, 48(2), 139-166. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2024.2323736
7. Cho, H., Cannon, J., Lopez, R., & Li, W. (2024). Social media literacy: A conceptual framework. New Media & Society, 26(2), 941-960. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211068530
8. Driessen, S., & Harder, S. K. (2026). #WeGotYou: examining the intersections of believability, cancel culture, and fandom (in a not-cancel case). Social Semiotics, 36(2), 215-231. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2026.2617361
9. Farries, E., Kerrigan, P., & Siapera, E. (2025). Introduction to the special issue: The Platformization of Cancel Culture. Television & New Media, 26(1), 3-16. https://doi.org/10.1177/15274764241277469
10. Fournier-Tombs, E. (2020). Book Review: Twitter and tear gas: The power and fragility of networked protest. Convergence, 26(5-6), 1417-1419. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856520923965
11. Fuchs, C. (2012). Some Reflections on Manuel Castells’ Book" Networks of Outrage and Hope. Social Movements in the Internet Age". tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society, 10(2), 775-797.
12. Geusens, F., Ouvrein, G., & Remen, S. (2026). #Cancelled: A qualitative content analysis of cancel culture in the YouTube beauty community. The Social Science Journal, 63(3), 957-973. https://doi.org/10.1080/03623319.2023.2175150
13. Greig, M. A., & Hogg, R. C. (2025). ‘Unfollow Them!’: The Role of Morality‐and Emotion‐Related Factors in the Cancelling Process. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2025(1), 7144903. https://doi.org/10.1155/hbe2/7144903
14. Hariyanto, I., Hamid, I., & Putrawan, A. D. (2025). Cancel Culture: Legal And Public Policy Challenges in The Digital Age. Sociología y tecnociencia, 15(1), 154-175.
15. Haug, M., Maier, C., Gewald, H., & Weitzel, T. (2025). Supporting opinions to fit in: a spiral of silence-theoretic explanation for establishing echo chambers and filter bubbles on social media. Internet Research, 35(7), 30-51. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-03-2024-0413
16. Heiss, R., Nanz, A., & Matthes, J. (2023). Social media information literacy: Conceptualization and associations with information overload, news avoidance and conspiracy mentality. Computers in Human Behavior, 148, 107908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.107908
17. Htwe, T. M. (2026). Moralizing politics in the digital age: cancel culture, reactive attitudes, and democratic deliberation in Myanmar after the 2021 coup. Contemporary Politics, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2026.2672928
18. Ibrahim, H. O., Al-Hafdi, F. S., & Alhalafawy, W. S. (2024). Ethnographic Insights of Educational Digital Life Behaviours: A Study of Affluent Schools. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(7), 4413-4428. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i7.4556
19. Jaafar, G. B., & Herna, H. (2024). The Impact of Media in Cancel Culture Phenomenon. Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia, 8(2), 382-390. https://doi.org/10.25008/jkiski.v8i2.893
20. Kaul, A., Chaudhri, V., Cherian, D., Freberg, K., Mishra, S., Kumar, R., Pridmore, J., Lee, S. Y., Rana, N., Majmudar, U., & Carroll, C. E. (2015). Social Media: The New Mantra for Managing Reputation. Vikalpa, 40(4), 455-491. https://doi.org/10.1177/0256090915618029
21. Kingston, P. (2024). Crisis Response Strategies in Online Reputation Management. International Journal of Public Relation and Communication, 1(1), 38 – 49. https://forthworthjournals.org/journals/index.php/IJPRC/article/view/59
22. Koh, S. A. (2022). " Cancel Culture" and Criminal Justice. Hastings LJ, 74, 79.
23. Kyriakou, C., Papaioannou, T., & Komodromos, M. (2023). Online criticism and cancel culture in digital marketing: A case study of audience perceptions of brand cancellation. International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 15(4), 412-427. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTEL.2023.133788
24. Lee, J., & Abidin, C. (2024). Backdoor advertising scandals, Yingyeo culture, and cancel culture among YouTube Influencers in South Korea. New Media & Society, 26(1), 405-425. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211061829
25. Lewis, R., & Christin, A. (2022). Platform drama: “Cancel culture,” celebrity, and the struggle for accountability on YouTube. New Media & Society, 24(7), 1632-1656. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448221099235
26. Liao, C. H. (2023). Exploring the Influence of Public Perception of Mass Media Usage and Attitudes towards Mass Media News on Altruistic Behavior. Behav Sci (Basel), 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13080621
27. Lim, J. S., Zhang, J., & Ren, B. (2025). Partisan responses to cancel culture on social media: hostile media effects on political behavior. Online Information Review, 50(1), 57-76. https://doi.org/10.1108/oir-02-2025-0130
28. Maurya, S. K., & Gupta, A. K. (2025). The Ethics of Cancel Culture and Public Accountability: Navigating Justice, Forgiveness, and Redemption. Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences (SH&SS), 31(2), 333-360. http://journal.iias.ac.in/ojs/index.php/shss/article/view/1655
29. Metzler, H., & Garcia, D. (2024). Social Drivers and Algorithmic Mechanisms on Digital Media. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 19(5), 735-748. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916231185057
30. Milli, S., Carroll, M., Wang, Y., Pandey, S., Zhao, S., & Dragan, A. D. (2025). Engagement, user satisfaction, and the amplification of divisive content on social media. PNAS Nexus, 4(3), pgaf062. https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf062
31. Morrison, H. (2024). Preserving employee rights in the era of cancel culture. ABA Journal of Labor & Employment Law, 38(1), 107-129.
32. Mueller, T. S. (2026). Blame, then shame? Psychological predictors in cancel culture behavior. The Social Science Journal, 63(2), 876-889. https://doi.org/10.1080/03623319.2021.1949552
33. Neuwirth, R. J. (2023). Equality in view of political correctness, cancel culture and other oxymora. International Journal of Legal Discourse, 8(1), 1-29.
34. Ng, E. (2020). No Grand Pronouncements Here...: Reflections on Cancel Culture and Digital Media Participation. Television & New Media, 21(6), 621-627. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527476420918828
35. Nielsen, R. K., & Fletcher, R. (2023). Comparing the platformization of news media systems: A cross-country analysis. European Journal of Communication, 38(5), 484-499. https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231231189043
36. Nkrumah, D. (2024). Managing Online Reputation in the Age of Cancel Culture. Journal of Public Relations, 2, 25-37. https://doi.org/10.47941/jpr.1696
37. Norris, P. (2023). Cancel Culture: Myth or Reality? Political Studies, 71(1), 145-174. https://doi.org/10.1177/00323217211037023
38. Phelan, S. (2025). Seven theses about the so-called culture war(s) (or some fragmentary notes on ‘cancel culture’). Cultural Studies, 39(1), 63-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502386.2023.2199309
39. Ramsey-Soroghaye, B., Onalu, C., & Anyaegbu, P. (2023). Perceived Impact of Cancel Culture and the Mental Health Challenges Associated With the Aftermath: A Discourse for Social Workers in Nigeria. Journal of Social Service Research, 49(5), 595-606. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2023.2254804
40. Rathje, S., Robertson, C., Brady, W. J., & Van Bavel, J. J. (2024). People Think That Social Media Platforms Do (but Should Not) Amplify Divisive Content. Perspect Psychol Sci, 19(5), 781-795. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916231190392
41. Ross, L. J. (2025). Calling in: How to start making change with those you'd rather cancel. Simon and Schuster.
42. Sailofsky, D. (2022). Masculinity, cancel culture and woke capitalism: Exploring Twitter response to Brendan Leipsic’s leaked conversation. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 57(5), 734-757. https://doi.org/10.1177/10126902211039768
43. Saldanha, N., Mulye, R., & Rahman, K. (2023). Cancel culture and the consumer: A strategic marketing perspective. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 31(5), 1071-1086. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2022.2040577
44. Saleem, R. Y., Zaki, M. Z., & Alhalafawy, W. S. (2024). Improving awareness of foreign domestic workers during the COVID-19 pandemic using infographics: An experience during the crisis. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(5), 4157. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i5.4157
45. Schneiders, P., & Stark, B. (2025). Ensuring News Quality in Platformized News Ecosystems: Shortcomings and Recommendations for an Epistemic Governance. Media and Communication; Vol 13 (2025): Journalism in the Hybrid Media SystemDO - 10.17645/mac.10042. https://www.cogitatiopress.com/mediaandcommunication/article/view/10042
46. Tamer, Z., Demir, G., Darıcı, S., & Pamučar, D. (2025). Understanding twitter in crisis: a roadmap for public sector decision makers with multi-criteria decision making. Environment, Development and Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05894-7
47. Traversa, M., Tian, Y., & Wright, S. C. (2023). Cancel culture can be collectively validating for groups experiencing harm. Front Psychol, 14, 1181872. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1181872
48. Tufekci, Z. (2017). Twitter and tear gas: The power and fragility of networked protest. Yale university press.
49. Tukachinsky Forster, R., & Spitz, D. H. (2026). I love you, but I have got to cancel you: Psychological consequences of participation in cancel culture. Psychology of Popular Media, 15(2), 109.
50. Van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & De Waal, M. (2018). The platform society: Public values in a connective world. Oxford university press.
51. Walls, K., Palvia, P., Mehta, N., & Nemati, H. (2025). Cancel Culture in the Digital Age: Power, Accountability, and Global Dynamics. Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 28, 71-76. https://doi.org/10.1080/1097198X.2025.2491909
52. Whyte, H., Enyindah, S. C., & Chituru, K. (2025). Social Media Trends and Public Opinion Dynamics in Port Harcourt. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 9(10).
53. Zaki, M. Z. T., El-Refai, W. Y., Alharthi, M. A., Al-Hafdi, F. S., Najmi, A. H., Bakey, F. M. A. E., & Alhalafawy, W. S. (2024). The Effect of Mobile Search Retrieval Types on Self-Regulated Learning Among Middle School Students. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(8). https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i8.5005
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Published
2026-06-12
How to Cite
Shatha Sleem Al safari, Wasan Wael Alnajjar, Raghad Mahmoud abujabal, Najla Ali Alhatimi, Shima Yahya Al-Fakeeh, & Prof. Dr. Marwa Zaki Tawfiq Zaki. (2026). A Proposed Model for a Media Platform to Enhance Awareness of Cancel Culture Based on Experts’ Opinions. Journal of Arts, Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, (131), 129-152. https://doi.org/10.33193/JALHSS.131.2026.1675
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Copyright (c) 2026 شذى سليم السفري , وسن وائل النجار , رغد محمود ابوجبل , نجلاء علي الحاتمي , شيماء يحيى أحمد الفقيه , أ.د. مروة زكي توفيق زكي
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